The gazebo that adorns the garden will be an ideal place for entertainment and relaxation. The most common material for its manufacture is a bar. It is easy to create from it, if you follow the special tips for working with this wonderful material, drawings and technical illustrations. The article describes in detail the process of building a gazebo from a beam with your own hands.

Arbor project preparation

Build a gazebo is not as difficult as it seems. It is enough to divide the process into a series of tasks, the solution of which consists of a series of simple actions. All supplies and tools for construction can be prepared in your garage or home workshop. But if you are not confident in your capabilities - invite a friend and finish the construction together much faster. A prerequisite is that the tree must be dry, otherwise, under the influence of humidity, its deformation will begin in a year.

Did you know? The creation of the first arbors was recorded in the time of Ancient Egypt (5000 years ago). It is to this period that the structures found on the frescoes, similar to modern ones, belong.

It’s convenient to use a beam for the base of the gazebo, since it makes a lightweight construction on a lightweight foundation. A mandatory element will be a drawing. Start its creation by measuring the area on which the gazebo will be installed. And then select your favorite shape and proceed to the calculation of sizes. A small garden gazebo has an area of ​​about 6 square meters. m. The simplest construction is square or rectangular.The largest area will have an octagonal. The advantage of the former is simplicity, and the latter - good illumination of the interior space and spaciousness. The height should be about 2 m, i.e., sufficient so that the tallest visitors do not touch the ceiling with their heads. The step with which the pillars will be placed is from 0.6 to 1.5 m. The roof is usually made in the form of an isosceles triangle. This will not allow rain water and snow cover to linger on it.

Which beam is better to use

Timber is lumber processed into boards and beams. It consists of a solid log or boards glued together (lamellas). Presented in this form, it can be of almost any size.

Did you know? The gable roof of the gazebo not only protects from the sun. It is surrounded by air, while creating a pleasant cool breeze. On a hot day, this is especially necessary.

It is regulated by:

• GOST 24454-80 for conifers;
• GOST and 2695-83 for hardwood.

For a bar made of coniferous wood, the standard thickness is taken from 16 to 250 mm, and the width is from 75 to 250 mm. If it is made of deciduous wood, then the width will be from 60 to 200 mm, and the thickness from 19 to 100 mm. Each type of wood has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Characteristics of certain types of timber timber:

Softwoods are the most commonly used materials because they are cheaper than hardwoods, readily available and easier to work with. But your choice of timber should depend on several factors: the ultimate purpose of use, resistance to various external influences, durability, the desired decorative effect.

For construction work you may need:

Glued

Glued beams are made of several layers of solid wood, bonded together with high-strength glue, forming a single structural unit. In this way, not only beams are made, but also wood boards. Dimensions of products are standardized and performed in accordance with GOST.

Did you know? The most ancient product made by gluing strips of wood — bow of a japanese warrior.

They are used for the construction of curved elements:

• roofs;
• domes;
• bridges;
• jumpers.

From them you can make the basis for the floor or roof of the gazebo. Glued construction provides the product with high strength and rigidity. They fasten such material with steel dowels or plates.

Profiled beam

A profiled beam is cut from a piece of log. At its creation gluing is not used. At the sawmill, the workpiece unfolds into individual elements of size 150 × 150 mm, 200 × 100 mm and others. Then it is planed to give shape. Its opposite sides are made straight or rounded, and on the other two they perform a groove-lock.

Also, the product can be made by four-sided milling. Mostly these types of timber are used for the installation of floor beams, roofs, and the creation of wooden frames.

Mini bar

A mini-beam is a board with a thickness of 45 mm and a width of 145 mm. Like all other types of timber, it has a thorn-groove type locking part and can be used for flooring, arbor or roof walls. The assembly of the structure from the mini-beam is fast due to the fact that individual boards do not need to be adjusted to each other. Appearance is presentable and requires minimal processing in the form of painting or opening with varnish.

Rounded

Treated tree trunks (logs) are usually of different sizes. And adjusting them so that the building looks harmonious is a rather time-consuming procedure. Thanks to the invention of milling machines, it became possible to obtain such blanks. They are called a rounded bar.

Important! Significant lack of logs — shrinkage. If it is minimal for glued timber, then it achieves high indicators.

Its standard diameter is 220–240 mm, the shape of the cross section is a circle. This size is not accidental. Given the thermal insulation properties of wood, a log of this diameter can withstand frosts down to -54 ° C. Such material is used for the construction of garages, household buildings, cottages. It can be used for the construction of gazebos.

Step-by-step construction

After the materials are selected and the drawing is created, you can proceed with the construction of the gazebo. The basic list of tools and materials will not change, regardless of what type of design you have chosen.

It consists of:

• bayonet shovel - it will be needed to dig a foundation pit;
• grinders - required for cutting lumber and discs to it;
• measuring tape;
• level - it is needed to control the vertical and horizontal during the installation of materials;
• building cord and pegs;
• wheelbarrows for transportation of soil;
• construction trowels;
• a hammer;
• drills and screwdrivers.

Of the building materials, you will need those that you have selected in an amount that matches your drawing. And also need materials for the foundation.

Video: arbor from a bar

Foundation

Start by clearing the site. Weeds, stones and other elements that could interfere with construction should be removed. Then marking according to the drawing is applied using a building cord and pegs. The gazebo is conveniently built on a columnar foundation.

To do this, step by step follow these steps:

1. Remove 20 cm of topsoil. This is fertile land that can be used on beds.
2. In the soil, make holes under the pillars of the foundation.
3. At the bottom of each pour a layer of sand. Then install the pipe and place steel reinforcement inside it.
4. Pour the inside of the pipe with concrete.
5. Fill the holes with gravel and sand, and then densely compact.

The depth of each hole should be 1 meter. The diameter is about 40 cm. The distance between the holes can be any. So, for a square gazebo with a side of 1 m, it is enough to put 4 corner posts and 1 on each side. The pipe should rise above the soil level by 20 cm, and the fittings in it - by 25 cm.

The fittings will be worn on the pins of the reinforcement, so the height should be sufficient to support the whole structure. The concrete with which the pipes are poured will solidify within 2 weeks. After that, you can begin to perform the lower strapping.

Stacking the bottom harness

The lower harness consists of a profiled beam with a section of 150 × 150 mm. To put it on the reinforcement, you need to drill holes in it corresponding to the location of the steel pins. Between themselves, the parts of the beam are connected using an insert in the grooves and fastened with dowels or self-tapping screws. In appearance, the structure should look like a rectangular or square frame on piles.

Lags for the floor

Logs are transverse boards in the lower harness on which the floor is installed. They are placed at the same distance from each other - about 30-40 cm. Before installing, check the alignment of the binding level. Be sure to treat the wood with an antiseptic. For ease of installation on the lower base, bars can be attached to which the logs will rest. Between them they are fastened with nails or self-tapping screws. On top of them mounted floor boards.

Important! If you have a rectangular design, then the logs need to be mounted in the form of rays from the center or as parallel elements of different sizes.

Installation of vertical posts

In order to create walls, you need to build a frame. It necessarily consists of 4 corner posts with a section of 100 × 100 mm, the number of others depends on your plan of the gazebo. The pitch of their placement is 150 mm. Poles need to be attached with nails to the lower harness.You can also use metal corners to connect. Be sure to check that all poles are 90 degrees to the base. Use a level to test it.

Upper harness

The upper harness is similar to the lower one and consists of the same elements. A beam with a section of 150 × 150 mm will be attached to the installed wall supports from above. The connection is carried out using nails or screws.

Roof construction and roofing

For rafters, you need 50 mm thick boards and smaller planking. Given the small size of the building, it will be correct to assemble the roof on the ground, and then put it on the upper harness. Assemble the rafter structure from isosceles triangles. Determine the angle of inclination of the sides in 30-40 degrees. The lower edge of each beam should hang slightly from the base of the roof so that rainwater does not flow onto the ceiling itself and into the gazebo.

The rafters are interconnected with metal jumpers. Then they are fixed on the upper harness and sheathed with a board about 25 mm thick. At the design stage of the gazebo, not only the shape of the roof should be taken into account, but also the weight that it will hold.

Accordingly, the choice of material with which it can be covered depends on this:

1. Most popular - metal tile and corrugated board. Among their advantages are lightness, ease of installation, a wide selection of colors.
2. Shingles also looks very good, has excellent soundproofing properties and a long service life.
3. The most common material in the post-Soviet space Is a slate. But it is fragile and has a large weight, which makes installation quite difficult.

Flooring

The main task of the floor is to evenly distribute the load. He must bear the weight of the arbor itself, as well as everything that you intend to put in it. And for this, structural strength is important.

Important! It should be borne in mind that the wood expands or narrows under the influence of moisture, so there should be small gaps between the walls and the floor so that the tree can breathe.

To install the floor you need to follow these steps:

1. Make a zero mark with a laser level and verify the correct installation of lags and harness using it. If there are inaccuracies, then correct by reconfiguring the lags. The first floor cladding board is mounted from the window, and then you will move on to the door. Board thickness - 40 mm.
2. All subsequent boards fit tightly to each other. Mounting is performed with screws.
3. The final step will be scooping and polishing the floor, and then it is varnished or painted.

Frame cladding

First of all, the summer gazebo may not have walls or only 3, and instead of the fourth wall there will be free space that acts as an entrance.

Wall sheathing:

• edged board to half or 1/3 of the height;
• in the upper part a decorative lattice of wooden slats;
• curly planks from edged boards.

Decorative boards require time, but there is nothing complicated about them. Make a model of the curly element, apply it to the surface with a pencil and cut it with a jigsaw or saw. As soon as you finish cutting, sand the edges and apply varnish or paint.Solid walls can be made of siding. For their installation you will need self-tapping screws and a screwdriver. Siding panels are 10-30 cm wide and from 2 m in length. Among the advantages of the material are its external attractiveness, ease of installation and durability.

Arrangement and decoration of the building

The internal arrangement depends on the main idea. If this is a gazebo in a recreation area, then a table and chairs, a furniture corner or a small sofa are placed inside. In a large gazebo with open walls, a swing or a hammock is installed for relaxation. In the gazebo, which is installed in the dining area, can place a table and chairs, barbecue, a bar with drinks and other accessories.

Did you know? The first arbors of the Middle Ages looked like towers and were located on the roofs of houses. They allowed the owner to view the surroundings from the highest point on the territory. And only a few centuries later they began to be built on earth.

In the play area, a sofa or deck chairs, a table, a box for storing children's toys are installed. The assortment of garden furniture is quite wide, and you can always choose the one that is suitable for solving your problems. Also consider seasonality. A gazebo is an element of summer relaxation, and it would be nice if you supplement it with plants. Curly flowers will make it more romantic and add floral aromas to the atmosphere.

Also consider the style of your garden when decorating the gazebo:

1. Victorian gazebos give your court an aristocratic charm.This is a classic white structure with light fittings, stucco decorations and wrought-iron flower arches. It must be surrounded by greenery.
2. Gazebo by the water - light and weightless, it needs polycarbonate walls so that splashes from the pool do not interfere with your enjoyment of rest. It would be great if you provide a bar and drinks here. But for this, the size of the structure should be quite large.
3. Country-style wooden gazebos - These are flowers in pots, pastel shades and decorative pillows in the interior.
4. If the gazebo will be used to place there barbecue or barbecue, then you must not forget about safety precautions so that fire does not cause a fire.

The gazebo is a place to relax, as well as an accent element in your garden. They can be different in form, materials used and purpose. When planning construction, be sure to immediately take into account all the nuances at the design stage so as not to waste resources on fixing errors.