False mushrooms include poisonous, which are very similar to edible. They repeat them so precisely that even experienced mushroom pickers can not always say with certainty that this is a false, and this is an edible specimen. This is the case with champignons. There are a lot of different types of them, so to guess where an edible variety is and where not - not everyone can.

Types of False Champignon

In order not to collect false champignons, read their detailed description.

Did you know? Italians were the first to find champignons. It was more than 1000 years ago. Later they guessed that they could be grown on their own. This was the first species of mushrooms, yielding crops in artificial conditions.

Yellow skin

A variety of poisonous mushrooms from the genus of champignons found in North America, Europe. It can also be found in Australia. It has a bell-shaped hat 5-15 cm in diameter. Its edges are slightly bent inward. It is fleshy, whitish-brown in color and, if pressed on, becomes a little yellowish. It feels smooth, dry. It happens with a cracked edge. Leg 6-10 cm long and 2-3 cm in diameter, hollow inside. Her base is swollen.The flesh of this species is brownish-white, yellowish at the base of the leg. Where the leg is swollen - orange or yellow-orange. It has a pronounced unpleasant phenolic odor, reminiscent of a pharmacy or the smell of ink. It may be weakly perceptible, but if you boil the mushroom it will intensify. Yellow-skinned champignon is found in deciduous forests, gardens, parks, and meadows from July to October.

California

This false champignon has a dry, bare, sometimes scaly, hat. It takes shades from whitish to brownish, often with a metallic sheen. Its central part is slightly darker than the edges. In young mushrooms, the edges of the caps are turned up. The leg is smooth, often curved, with a ring.The flesh of California champignon may become a little darker when exposed to air. Exudes a weak phenolic aroma. It grows in forests, gardens, lawns, in California.

Important! Eating California champignon causes upset stomach.

Flat hat

False champignon native to North America. In adult specimens, the cap is 25–75 mm in diameter. In young people, it is conical in shape, with age it becomes convex and broad-convex. The middle is flat, and the edge is tucked up. It is painted white with grayish or gray-brown scales. The central part is gray-brown. The records are free. In young animals, they are white, after they turn pink or become chocolate brown.The hat is held on a cylindrical leg, 35–100 mm long and 6–13 mm in diameter. At the base, often thickened. It can be curved, with a ring, which for a long time may not come off the cap. It is sometimes covered with brown spots. The pulp is white, when interacting with air, it quickly turns yellow and exudes an unpleasant phenolic-ink smell. It grows in deciduous and mixed forests in moist areas in groups. Appears in July-August. Unsuitable for food.

Did you know? Some European kings had special rooms where the best champignons were grown, and no one except the monarchs had the right to taste them.

Similar poisonous mushrooms

Poisonous mushrooms absorb toxic substances from the soil, so their use is fraught with serious consequences. They, like false ones, skillfully disguise themselves as edible mushrooms.

Death cap

Very dangerous mushroom. Young pale toadstool is egg-shaped and covered with a film. Her hat is 5-15 cm in diameter. It can be olive, greenish or grayish in color. First hemispherical, then becomes flat. The edge is smooth, with a fibrous surface. The plates are soft, free. In young specimens, the ring is wide, in the form of a fringe. Often disappears with age.Her leg is cylindrical, thickened at the base (sac). They are 8–19 cm long and 10–25 mm thick. The color is like a hat, often with a wavy pattern. The pulp is white, fleshy, color in the air does not change. Taste and smell are practically not perceptible in young toadstools, but in old ones it is unpleasantly sweetish.

Important! Pale grebe is very poisonous. A lethal dose of 1 g of raw pulp per 1 kg of human weight.

He likes to grow on nutrient land near oaks, beech, hazel in well-lit areas. May occur singly or in groups. A lot of grebes in the deciduous and mixed forests of Eurasia, North America. Growth period: the last month of summer is autumn.

Bright fly agaric

Light fly agaric or fly agaric white, or spring grebe is found on calcareous soils in deciduous forests of a warm temperate climate. You can find it in the spring. It has a white, smooth, slightly shiny open hat 35-100 mm in diameter.In young fly agarics, it is hemispherical, later convex or flat. In the central part is light cream. It rests on a white thin leg of 7–25 mm in diameter and 7–12 cm long. Smooth, can be plaque. Thickened at the base. Has a free ring coverlet. The flesh with a faint smell, white.

False champignon differences

Due to the fact that poisonous mushrooms may look like edible, they are often confused, which is extremely dangerous for health. Therefore, it is very important to be able to distinguish them, so as not to harm themselves and loved ones. The real champignon is a forest mushroom, you will not find it in parks, gardens. Usually poisonous doubles with a dark circle in the center of the cap. By pressing on it you can see yellowish spots. But such a check is not always effective, since false and poisonous mushrooms can be so similar in appearance to edible that spots can occur in everyone.

Important! When cooking some poisonous mushrooms, the water first turns yellow, and then becomes transparent. This is misleading to many. But toxic substances do not disappear from such mushrooms after heat treatment.

Therefore, you need to learn to determine the grebe on other grounds:

• quickly turns yellow on the cut;
• the smell is sharp, unpleasant, often manifests itself during cooking;
• during cooking, the water turns yellow.

Signs of poisoning and first aid

If you have not learned to recognize edible among all types of champignons and accidentally collected grebes, then using them you will experience symptoms of poisoning.

They may differ for all people, but in general the picture will look like this:

• 2-3 hours after eating the mushrooms, vomiting and upset are observed;
• followed by gastric colic, cramping;
• the temperature will jump;
• diarrhea begins.

After the condition improves for 1-2 days. At this time, toxins actively attack the liver and kidneys, which after a couple of days affects their performance. As soon as the first symptoms of poisoning appeared, an ambulance should be urgently called. While doctors are traveling, it is necessary to cleanse the body. You should drink a liter of a weak solution of potassium permanganate to induce vomiting. Then drink sorbents - 1 g / 1 kg.On the stomach and legs, put a warm heating pad so that blood circulation is not disturbed. Drink strong tea or warm water. False champignons are insidious plants. They skillfully disguise themselves as edible mushrooms, thereby attracting attention to themselves. But such a feature of them is fraught with serious consequences for inexperienced fans of "silent hunting." Therefore, if you do not understand mushrooms, but want to eat mushrooms, go to the store for them.