How to feed cucumbers during fruiting in a greenhouse: the best fertilizers, folk remedies, video * Garden

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For the successful cultivation of cucumbers in closed ground, certain climatic conditions and constant care are required. Mandatory procedure is the application of fertilizers. The abundance and quality of the crop depends on how it is done correctly and in a timely manner.

The basic rules for feeding cucumbers

It is necessary to feed cucumbers for faster growth and better fruiting, for the formation of tasty and high-quality fruits.

In order not to harm the wrong feeding, you must adhere to certain rules:

Fertilize, taking into account the needs of the plant in a particular stage of development. So, before flowering, nitrogen is needed for active foliage growth. Then nitrogen-containing fertilizing will already be harmful to cucumber bushes. After the start of fruiting, potassium and phosphorus-containing fertilizers come first.
When drawing up the feeding schedule, take into account the condition and composition of the soil.
Top dressing should be combined with watering and soil care - loosening and weeding. The lack of watering threatens to burn the roots. Dense soil without loosening is not able to carry mineral substances to the roots. And if weeding is not carried out, then valuable elements absorb weeds.
Since cucumbers react worse to an overabundance of elements than to their deficiency, vegetables should be fertilized with aqueous solutions in small volumes.
You need to feed cucumber bushes with mineral (urea, superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, nitrophos) and organic fertilizers (biohumus, chicken droppings in liquid form, rotted manure, compost, mullein) with the main emphasis on the latter.

When to Feed Cucumbers

Fertilizing under cucumbers is recommended 4-5 times in the following periods of development:

before landing;
in the phase of 3-4 true leaves;
during the release of flowers;
during the formation of ovaries;
with fruiting.

However, there is no single worked out schedule for making nutrients for cucumbers. Each owner can make it himself, based on the composition of the soil, varieties, microclimate in the greenhouse, their capabilities. The main thing is to carefully monitor the condition of the cucumber bushes and be able to determine which particular element they lack. The interval between dressings should be kept within 7-15 days.

Did you know? English farmer Alf Cobb managed to grow a cucumber about 92 cm long. The vegetable was on the pages of the Guinness Book of Records as the largest cucumber in the world.

If we talk about what kind of fertilizers are needed at a certain phase of development, then one of the options for the schedule for applying nutrients can be this:

Top dressing period	Fertilizer Examples
2-3 weeks before planting	Mixture: potassium sulfate (10 g), superphosphate (10 g), ammonium nitrate (10 g). Solution: urea (10 g), superphosphate (15 g) or sodium sulfate (chloride) (5 g), water (10 l). Mix: rotted manure (6–8 kg / 1 m²), humus (4–6 kg / 1 m²) + peat (8–10 kg / 1 m²). Mix: humus (1 bucket / 1 m²), rotted sawdust (1 bucket / 1 m²), wood ash (1 tbsp. / 1 m²).
In phase 3-4 true leaves	Solution: superphosphate (20–25 g), potassium sulfate (15–20 g), ammonium nitrate (10–15 g), water (10 l).
During the release of flowers	Mixtures: Bird droppings (1:15), wood ash (1 tbsp.). Cow manure (0.5 l), nitrophoska (1 tbsp. L.), Water (10 l) with wood ash (1 tbsp.) Or potassium sulfate (50 g), boric acid (0.5 g), sulfate manganese (0.3 g).
During the formation of ovaries	Mullein solution (1-2 tbsp. L / 10 l of water)
In the fruiting phase	The same substances as in the flowering phase. Potassium nitrate (25-30 g), dissolved in water (10 l). Urea (50 g) dissolved in water (10 l). Mullein (or wood ash) dissolved in water (1: 5).

Varieties of fertilizers for cucumbers in the greenhouse

The owner of the greenhouse can independently choose the type of fertilizer that is easier for him to work with and which will be most effective. Let us consider in more detail what is suitable for feeding these vegetables during fruit ripening.

Fermented Green Fertilizer

When feeding this fertilizer, cucumber bushes grow well.

To prepare such dressing is necessary as follows:

Mowed juicy grass to put in a black plastic bag.
Close the bag tightly.
Put the bag in the sun for 2 days.
Fill half a bucket with segregated grass.
Pour water into the bucket to the brim.
Stand for 2 hours.
Water the soil immediately without diluting the solution.

The flow rate of the working solution is 1.5 l / 1 bush.

Important! Cucumbers are undesirablefrequent nutrient application. An excess of fertilizers will only harm the plants - they will weaken the cucumber bushes and make them vulnerable to various ailments.

Potash dressing

When the fruits begin to set in the bushes, the plant really needs potassium. It allows you to improve the taste of greens, eliminate bitterness from them.

Most often, these fertilizer options are used:

wood ash (1 tbsp. / 10 l of water);
potassium humate (0.5 h / 10 l of water).

Folk remedies

Of the time-tested folk remedies for cucumbers fit:

baking soda (4 hours / 10 l of water).
yeast (100 g / 10 l of water, insist a day).
bread crumb or crackers (0.5 kg / 10 l of water).

These top dressings are required to prolong the fruiting phase and increase the number of ovaries. A mixture of several ingredients is effective: bread crumb (0.5 kg) + water (10 l) + raw yeast (0.5 kg) + green grass (0.5 kg). Infusion needs to withstand 2 days.

Video: top dressing for baking soda cucumbers

Feeding cucumbers in the greenhouse during fruiting

There are 2 methods of introducing useful elements for these plants:

root
foliar.

The first method is considered the main, the second - additional. Especially important is the combination of these methods in the fruiting phase.

Important! Both root and foliar top dressing must be done after rain or heavy watering, on a sunny day or in the evening. Solutions should be heated to a temperature of + 20 ° C.

Root dressing

This method of fertilizing is considered the best, because when using this method, the necessary substances are delivered to the roots faster. During ripening, cucumber bushes need macroelements, in particular nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.

Therefore, plants need to be fed the following types of fertilizers:

nitrophoska (1 tbsp. l / 10 l of water);
Mullein (0.5 L) with potassium sulfate (1 tsp), diluted in water (10 L).

From natural fertilizers should be used:

Chicken droppings (1: 1 with water, leave for several hours). Immediately before making 1 liter of the mixture, dilute in 10 liters of water.
Manure (1: 1 with water, insist 7 days). Before top dressing, 1 liter of the mixture should also be diluted in 10 liters of water.

Foliar

This option of feeding involves spraying the leaves and stems of a cucumber with a spray. The best time for this is a cool summer.

For the foliar method of fertilizing cucumbers should be used:

Complex mineral fertilizers.
A solution of superphosphate (60 g), potassium nitrate (30 g), boric acid (1 g), manganese sulfate (0.4 g) and zinc sulfate (0.1 g).
Urea solution 1.5% (150 g / 10 l).

Did you know? Some people use cucumber as a dessert. Along with fruits, berries and sweets, it is served at a sweet table.

Foliar top dressing helps rejuvenate the plant, eliminate early yellowing of leaves, accelerate the process of photosynthesis, extend the growing season. To increase the fruiting period, cucumber bushes should be sprayed with hay infusion. It must be filled with warm water at the rate of 1: 1 and insisted for 2 days. Apply the infusion three times with a frequency of 7 days.

The danger of lack of trace elements

Characteristic changes in its appearance indicate that a plant lacks some element or too much of it. Its growth is significantly slowed down, the leaves change color and dry out, the fruits are formed irregularly.

You can find out about the lack of trace elements using the tips in the table:

Item name	Shortage symptoms	How to feed
Nitrogen	Zelentsy light green. The formation of a narrow, sharp, beak-like apex in the fetus. Yellowing of the lower leaves. Lateral shoots and stems grow slowly.	Urea Ammonium sulfate (10-15 g / 10 l). Herbal infusion (1.5–2 kg / 10 l, insist 7 days).
Potassium	Active growth of stems and foliage. Leaves acquire a dark green hue. The leaves appear yellow border. Zelentsy pear and hook-shaped forms are formed.	A solution of potassium sulfate (spray on the leaves). A solution of wood ash (under the root).
Phosphorus	Side lashes and foliage grow slower. The formation of small young leaves. The formation of young foliage of a dark color. Quick drying of young leaves.	Ammophos solution. A solution of diammophos. Superphosphate (1 tbsp. / 10 l of water).

Additional recommendations for the care of cucumbers in the greenhouse

Caring for cucumber bushes in a greenhouse is easy. Here are the most common care tips:

For the successful cultivation of cucumbers in a greenhouse, it is important to create the following conditions:
- air temperature - from +22 to + 24 ° С, during the period of the appearance of fruits - from +22 to + 26 ° С;
- good lighting for 12 hours;
- increased humidity at the level of 85–90% on clear days and 75–85% on cloudy days;
- loose soil with good conductivity of moisture and air.
Plants need to be grown on warm soil - its temperature should be at the level of + 25 ... + 30 ° С. A temperature of + 13 ° C is considered critically low.
Temperature differences are bad for cucumbers, the maximum allowable difference is 6 ° C.
Regular ventilation in the absence of drafts is mandatory for the culture. They can reduce high humidity and prevent the development of fungal diseases.
When growing cucumbers in closed ground, it is better to use the V-shaped method of garter, in which plants are tied through one to the right and left wire, as well as trellis.
This garden crop needs compulsory bush formation:
- stepsuses should be removed from the sinuses of 3-5 leaves of the lower tier;
- shoots located above, you need to pinch after the second leaf;
- in second-order stepchildren formed from the axils of the leaves of the minor lash, it is necessary to remove the growth point after the formation of the first leaf.
It is recommended to water greenhouse cucumbers up to 5 times a week with warm water - heated to + 25 ° C.
Before flowering, it is better to water the bushes in the morning, and after flowering and during fruit setting, in the evening.
During cooling, watering and fertilizer should be reduced.
During humidification, it is important to ensure that water does not get on the leaves and shoots.
After each irrigation, cultivation should be carried out to a depth of 3-4 cm.
When selecting varieties for the greenhouse, you should choose parthenocarpic. If the variety is not such, you need to create conditions for pollination: attract insects, plant an additional variety with male flowers, pollinate it yourself with a brush.
If cloudy weather is observed for a long time, you need to spray the plants with anti-stress drugs "Epin-Extra", "Zircon".
You should not overexposed ripened greenbacks on the lashes - this will not allow the development of new fruits, which means it will reduce the yield of the plant.

So, the fertilizer of cucumbers cultivated in a greenhouse is an important and mandatory procedure that guarantees the correct growth, development of plants and a successful abundant crop. It must be produced, always taking into account the needs of the plant at a certain stage of development, the composition and condition of the soil, climatic conditions in the greenhouse.

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