A few years ago it was impossible to imagine a festive table without a delicious treat - salty or pickled yellow Georgian. The described mushroom today has not lost its popularity and relevance among domestic mushroom pickers. Look at the Breast, where it grows and what is useful - you will learn in the article.
Description
The yellow breast is a vivid representative of the Mlecnik family, the Syroezhkov family. Among mushroom pickers, he gained popularity due to its cold resistance, wide distribution and excellent taste.
Appearance
Description Podskrebysh appropriate to start with his appearance. The mushroom has a rather large size and is able to reach 25 cm in height. Its cap is large, with a diameter of 5–15 cm, at the beginning of growth it is convex, later it almost completely straightens and becomes flat. In the center, the hat has a funnel-shaped slightly depressed formation. On the edges it is furry, bent inward. The color of the hat, as the name implies, is yellow, slightly dirty or golden-olive.
Important! Lactation, due to the bitter taste of milky juice, belongs to the second category of edible mushrooms. At the same time, there are no poisonous mushrooms, similar in appearance to Podskrebysh.
On the surface, you can see well-defined dark concentric circles, which are considered a distinctive feature of the breasts. Directly under the hat is the fleshy part, represented by numerous thick, tightly planted plates of white or cream color. Often during the aging process, the plates partially move to the foot. The flesh of the Sunflower is white, in old specimens it is yellow.
The structure is quite brittle, but dense; it often crumbles during transportation in a basket. Milky juice appears on the fracture of the pulp, which has a thick texture and a pleasant aroma. Under the influence of air, the juice quickly turns yellow. As various photos show, the mushroom’s leg is not long, no more than 5-6 cm high, thick, about 4 cm in diameter, has a cylindrical shape and color identical to that of a hat. The inside is hollow, and the surface is completely covered with a sticky mucous mass.
Variability
As noted above, in the process of aging, the appearance of the breasts lends itself to some changes. In particular, in old specimens, the white or cream color of the plates changes to yellow. The same applies to the pulp, which is yellow in an adult mushroom. Brown hats may form on hats over time.
Other names
Edible mushroom. The yellow mushroom has several names: Volnuha, Podskrebysh, Load. The Latin name, which appeared in 1891, is Lactarius scrobiculatus, which is translated into Russian as “rumpled”. Prior to this, the fungus was called Agaricus scrobiculatus in 1772 and Galorrheus scrobiculatus in 1871.
Did you know? In the old days, Lactus was called the "king" of mushrooms. And this is not surprising, because before he was the only mushroom that was suitable for salting.
Similar views
A distinctive feature of the yellow Hoodies is the corresponding coloring of the hat and legs.
However, Volnuha has an external resemblance to other varieties of mushrooms:
- Real chest. He has a lighter, almost white hat convex-flat or funnel-shaped. The surface is mucous, wet, the flesh is hard, with a pronounced fruity odor, it secretes milky juice. The leg is short, rather thick, white in color, with a smooth surface.
- Lump purple. The mushroom belongs to the class of inedible. It is characterized by the presence of a yellow hat convex or flat in shape, which at the edges has a slight pubescence. The lump of purple is different from the yellow color of milky juice - in the first it is lilac. The leg is quite loose, brittle, with high humidity it becomes very sticky and sticky. The inner part is dense, yellowish, with a pleasant delicate smell.
- Fringe. Lamellar mushroom with a convex hat, on the surface of which fibers are scattered, forming “fringe” along the edges. The color of the hat is yellowish or ocher. The inner part has a fleshy, fairly stiff, but at the same time brittle structure, light yellow in color. The leg is dense, in the form of a cylinder, with age becomes hollow.
Ecology, where and when they grow
Scrubbers prefer to grow whole families. The areas of their greatest distribution are coniferous and deciduous forests, in particular birch forests, pine forests, spruce forests. This type of mushroom bears fruit, starting from August and until the onset of the first frost. The optimal conditions for a good growth of Gruzdey is considered high humidity, the presence of heavy rain.
With a dry summer, hoping for a decent crop of Podgruzdy is not necessary. Sunflowers grow in columns, they hide under leaves, needles, grass, so mushroom pickers should work hard to find them. It is best to look for mushrooms in the lowlands, on clearings, in the northern part of the forest planting.
How to collect
The very first Mushrooms appear in August, they grow in large groups and hide under foliage or grass. When you see a small leafy tubercle, you should carefully stir up the formation with a stick and “free” Podskrebysh. In order not to harm the mycelium, it is forbidden to pull out or pluck the Wave. It is recommended to cut off the leg at the base with a sharp knife so as not to damage the body.
This will allow the mushroom family to appear next year. Experienced mushroom pickers do not advise “hunting” for old or damaged specimens, since they may contain an increased concentration of substances harmful to human health that have accumulated during their growth.
Taste qualities
Yellow Chest is a mushroom that has excellent taste, which is almost impossible to confuse with others. Despite the fact that the fruiting body is characterized by a large amount of unpleasant bitter juice, with proper heat treatment, the taste completely disappears. At the same time, a similar property of Podskrebysh has a great advantage - because of the bitterness of the pulp, it is never affected by worms or small insects.
Ways to use
Residents of Russia consider Podskrebysh particularly valuable. Here it is fried, boiled, salted or pickled. The recipe for salted mushrooms is considered a classic. This type of mushroom is not used for drying. Modern cooking has a huge number of methods for preparing the described mushrooms, however, the basis of such recipes is almost identical. Before salting or pickling Podgrudy, they must be properly prepared to remove an unpleasant bitter aftertaste.
For this:
- mushroom raw materials are cleaned, carefully sorted, washed several times in cold water;
- Mushrooms are poured with salted water and soaked for 1-2 days.
After this, the raw material is ready for further cooking. Instead of soaking, you can boil the mushroom mass twice. The main ingredients for salting are salt, water and, accordingly, mushrooms. Often, the recipe is supplemented with a variety of spices and herbs: currant leaves, dill, garlic, horseradish root, bay leaf, pepper, etc.
Important! It is forbidden to eat yellow Lactus for children under the age of 12 years, since the child’s body is not able to digest and properly absorb the product.
One of the most beloved delicacies is salted mushrooms fried with onion in vegetable oil. This treat is used as a complement to the main dish or as a filling in pies or pizza.
Video: salted breasts
Properties of Yellow Hazel
In addition to the fact that yellow Chest, when properly prepared, has excellent taste, it is also a very healthy product for health. The fungus is characterized by a rich, balanced chemical composition, which is represented by vitamins C, E, PP and group B, acids, polysaccharides, potassium, calcium and phosphorus, fiber. In folk healing, Sunflowers are used for the treatment and prevention of various diseases.
- They are:
- have a diuretic effect and allow stones to be removed from the kidneys;
- fight with many pathogenic bacteria and microorganisms;
- activate the digestion process, accelerate metabolic processes;
- strengthen immunity, increase the protective functions of the body;
- normalize the functioning of the nervous and cardiovascular systems;
- cleanse blood vessels, strengthen the heart muscle;
- normalize blood glucose levels;
- allow you to fight with extra pounds, effective in losing weight;
- beneficial effect on the condition of the skin, hair and nails.
Did you know? Lubricants are widely used in the pharmaceutical field for the production of drugs intended for the successful treatment of tuberculosis.
Possible harm
Almost any mushroom, in particular Gruzdi, is classified as a “heavy” product, so some rules should be followed when consuming them. First of all, children up to 12 years old, pregnant women or women during breastfeeding should be discarded from eating Podskrebyysh. With caution, it is recommended to eat mushrooms to people who have problems with the digestive tract, with exacerbation of any chronic ailments, with serious diseases of the liver and kidneys.
It must be remembered that Gruzdi is a conditionally edible mushroom that needs high-quality, rather lengthy primary processing before use. It is strictly forbidden to eat raw or insufficiently processed Exercises, as this can lead to serious intoxication of the body.
Squeezers, better known to domestic mushroom pickers, as Gruzdi, are excellent, dietary mushrooms with excellent taste and high nutritional value. They are a wonderful source of vegetable protein and, in the absence of contraindications, can be a useful addition to the main human diet.
